February 11, 2013

  • II Corinthians Chapter Three

    שמע ישראל ה 'הוא האלוהים שלנו הוא אחד
    Shema Yisrael Adonai Elohaynu Adonai Echad
    Hear, Israel, Adonai is our God, Adonai is One.
     
     
    Understanding II Corinthians Chapter Three
    By John of AllFaith © 02.11.13
    Also Posted HERE

    When studying the New Testament books from a Torah consistent perspective certain passages by Rav Paul are at first difficult to understand (consider II Peter 3:16 in this regard). This chapter is one of those sections. For context we will begin at the end of chapter 2. For the sake of clarity I'll be using the Modern King James version for our text.

    II Corinthians 2:17 For we are not as many, hawking the Word of God; but as of sincerity, but as of God, we speak in Christ in the sight of God.

    Rav Paul is discussing the letters that were then circulating throughout the young Jewish movement advocating teachings other than those accepted by the talmidim (II Thessalonians 2:2, Revelation 2:9, 3:9 etc). These included the Gnostic and Nicolaitan heresies. He is rejecting the divisive teachings that condemn the rabbis as well as those rejecting the converts (i.e. Hebrew and Greek factions within the movement). This is important to bear in mind as we continue.
    There is an added point that the KJV makes clearer. Rather than the phrase hawking the Word of God the KJV has: For we are not as many, which corrupt the word of God: but as of sincerity.... The Word of God is HaTorah. The various heresies all corrupt its teachings. These are they who say they are Jews, and are not, but do lie... (Revelation 3:9).

    3:1 Do we begin again to commend ourselves? Or do we need, like some, epistles of commendation to you, or letters of commendation from you?
    3:2 You are our epistle written in our hearts, known and read by all men,
    3:3 it [i.e. this metaphorical epistle of their observance] having been made plain that you are the epistle of Christ [i.e. the confirmation that his reforms are in harmony with HaTorah], ministered by us, not having been written with ink, but with the Spirit of the living God; not on tablets of stone, but in fleshly tablets of the heart.

    Rav Paul then is not speaking here of Torah nor Judaism as such, but of the truth of Rebbe Y'shua's Torah based teachings. He is using his disciples in Corinth (to whom this letter was penned) as evidence of the orthodoxy of the Rebbe's Jewish teachings. The truth of his teachings, he says, does not have to be proven with external (i.e. Roman subservient councils) because all who see the emunah (faith) of these people realize that they are Torah observant righteous Jews, both born and convert.

    3:4 And we have such emunah [trust] through Christ toward God,
    3:5 not that we are sufficient of ourselves to think anything as of ourselves, but our sufficiency is of God;
    3:6 who also has made us able ministers of the new covenant; not of the letter, but of the spirit; for the letter kills, but the Spirit makes alive.

    This is key.

    The reforms of the B'rit Chadashah or New (renewed) Covenant were intended to breathe life back into Judaism. Rebbe Y'shua, Paul's rabbi, stated that he came to breathe abundant life into Torah observance (John 10:10). Rav Paul is acknowledging that he is only an instrument of peace in the hands of HaShem to that end. he adds that the same is true of all the talmidim (students/followers) of the Rebbe.

    Since the Babylonian captivity the Jewish people had become accustomed to observing external rules without incorporating the deeper spiritual significances of Torah. This continues to be the case with many Jews, especially among the Orthodox. Torah however commands us to "Circumcise therefore the foreskin of your heart, and be no more stiffnecked" (Deuteronomy 10:16). Rabbis like Hillel, Y'shua, Nachman (Breslov Chasidim), Zalman (Jewish Renewal/Neo-Chasidim), and others all stress the importance of Jewish renewal.

    3:7 But if the ministry of death, having been engraved in letters in stone was with glory (so that the sons of Israel could not steadfastly behold the face of Moses because of the glory of his face), which was being done away;
    3:8 shall not the ministry of the Spirit be with more glory?

    This "ministry of death" might better be translated as "ministration of decay." Rav Paul's point is that when the Torah was written it was given by One so glorious that the people could not look upon Him. Over the years it was as though the people ceased trying to "see" the Author and focussed exclusively on the stone upon which the words were written. In this way they forgot the intended spirit of the words and focussed only its letters. Torah is life but if we fail to focus on the One Whom it reveals (i.e. HaShem) what use are its inspired words? In such cases, the words of life lead only to spiritual decay because they are not written upon our hearts:

    Jeremiah 31:33 but this shall be the covenant that I will cut with the house of Israel: After those days, says the LORD, I will put My Law in their inward parts, and write it in their hearts; and I will be their God, and they shall be My people.

    Rav Paul is stating that even in this lesser state of Torah observance (i.e. observance of the external mitzvot only) the glory of HaShem is revealed. How much more glory is revealed through the reforms of Rebbe Y'shua when worship and Torah observance flows from the heart, the consciousness?

    3:9 For if the ministry of condemnation is glorious, much more does the ministry of righteousness exceed in glory.
    3:10 For even that which was made glorious had no glory in this respect, because of the glory that excels.
    3:11 For if that which has been done away was glorious, much more that which remains is glorious.

    In context that which has been done awayis that Torah observance that does not include the spirit, the life of Torah. Through the reforms of people like Rabbi Hillel, Rebbe Y'shua, the Ba'al Shem Tov, Rebbe Nachman, Rabbi Zalman Schachter-Shalomi and others Judaism is renewed in the B'rit Hadashah that HaMoshiach will one day establish externally.

    3:12 Then since we have such hope, we use great plainness of speech.
    3:13 And we are not like Moses, who put a veil over his face so that the sons of Israel could not steadfastly look to the end of the thing being done away.
    3:14 (But their thoughts were blinded; for until the present the same veil remains on the reading of the old covenant, not taken away.) But this veil has been done away in Christ.

     

    3:15 But until this day, when Moses is read, the veil is on their heart.
    3:16 But whenever it turns to the Lord, the veil shall be taken away.
    3:17 And the Lord is that Spirit; and where the Spirit of the Lord is, there is liberty.

    Again, the reference here is that through rote observance without the consciousness of devotion to HaShem the first century Jewish people at large had lost sight of the purpose of Torah. This has been pointed out by many Jewish sages before Rebbe Y'shua came Hillel and others spoke the same truth.

    3:18 But we all, with our face having been unveiled, having beheld the glory of the Lord as in a mirror, are being changed into the same image from glory to glory, even as by the Lord Spirit.

    Being "freed" through the reforms of the New Covenant we have the opportunity to serve as ministers of HaShem to both the Jews and the Gentiles. With the understanding we now possess our "eyes are open," the "veil has been lifted."

    As we await the coming of HaMoshiach and the Messianic age we are obligated to practice Tikun, to help heal our broken world. This is the message of this chapter.

    Shalom,

      Yochanan (John of AllFaith)


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Comments (4)

  • Very good read Bro John, thank you! I do have a couple of questions, since we agree Paul was a practitioner of the Torah, why did the Jews hate him? Was it because his words supported Jesus as the Christ which the Pharisees had caused to be crucified, they either would of had to accept the blame or deny Paul? Paul states in several places that Jesus is the Messiah; because of his dedication to the Torah shouldn’t that be proof that if he accepted Jesus as the Messiah other practitioners of the Torah should also? If there was enough proof for Paul a dedicated practitioner of the Torah to believe Jesus was the Christ shouldn’t that mean there was enough proof? So it would seem those that deny Jesus is the Messiah deny Paul’s teachings.

    That gives a lot more understanding to the following verses. I wonder if it is saying once again they have put their understanding of the Torah above its meaning and turned it into a god above God, which it has become an idol to make them fall.

    Mat_16:4 A wicked and adulterous generation seeketh after a sign; and there shall no sign be given unto it, but the sign of the prophet Jonas. And he left them, and departed.Mat 12:40 For as Jonas was three days and three nights in the whale's belly; so shall the Son of man be three days and three nights in the heart of the earth.

  • @Lewis1122 - Shalom Lewis

    Lewis: ...since we agree Paul was a practitioner of the
    Torah, why did the Jews hate him? Was it because his words supported
    Jesus as the Christ which the Pharisees had caused to be crucified, they
    either would of had to accept the blame or deny Paul? ...

    JoA: Rav Paul was a rabbi among rabbis (a Pharisee among Pharisees). He was the personal student of the great Gamaliel, chief of the rabbis, and he was making the case for Rebbe Y'shua based on Jewish Scripture and tradition. They could ignore the views of fishermen but Paul was an expert in Torah and he made his case firmly and succinctly. This is why he was hated. Since what Rav Paul claimed was correct, he was finally silenced.

    The Pharisees rejected Rebbe Y'shua's reforms largely because he threatened their temporal authority over the people and their relationship with Roma, and even more they rejected his claim to be HaMoshiach. However they did not cause him to be impaled. That decision was made by the Romans alone.  Jews have no guilt in that.

    Lewis: ...Paul states in several places that Jesus is
    the Messiah; because of his dedication to the Torah shouldn’t that be
    proof that if he accepted Jesus as the Messiah other practitioners of
    the Torah should also? ...

    JoA: Rav Paul, an up and coming young rabbi, was one of many knowledgeable rabbis who accepted Y'shua's claims, however there were also many who did not. No single rabbi has the authority to make such a determination. Halakha is determined by the majority of the rabbis and most did not accept him.

    Unlike Hillel and similar reformers Rebbe Y'shua went to the common people to make his case rather than to the leaders. He was very harsh about orthodox excesses and hypocrisies. This is not the way to win friends and influence people. The rabbis asked for his plans and time table according to the New Testament so they were obviously taking him seriously, however, he said to pay Caesar's things to Caesar, to not take up swords against the enemies; over and over his words indicated that he would not be fulfilling the Messianic prophecies (and indeed he didn't). Indeed, look how he edits this important Messianic prophecy:

    Rebbe Y'shua's Interesting Omission

    One Shabbat, shortly after beginning his three and a half year
    ministry, Rebbe Y'shua entered his home synagogue in Nazareth. As is the
    tradition, he stood to do a Torah reading. This reading is recorded at
    Luke 4:16-20. Our Rebbe read from the scroll of the Prophet Isaiah. Read
    the quote in the New Testament first, and then read the source text in
    Isaiah. See if you notice anything different. This is a good research
    exercise. One must not make assumptions about what texts say. See if you
    see the difference in the two readings before continuing with the
    explanation below. Much confusion comes when people fail not only to
    consider the context but in many cases what the texts actually say. This
    study error is disturbingly common. We must not allow ourselves to "go
    on auto pilot" when reading the Word.

    Luke 4:18 "The Spirit of ADONAI is
    upon me; therefore he has anointed me to announce Good News to the poor;
    he has sent me to proclaim freedom for the imprisoned and renewed sight
    for the blind, to release those who have been crushed,

    19 to proclaim a year of the favor of ADONAI."

    Isaiah 61:1 The Spirit of Adonai ELOHIM is
    upon me, because ADONAI has anointed me to announce good news to the
    poor. He has sent me to heal the brokenhearted; to proclaim freedom to
    the captives, to let out into light those bound in the dark;

    2 to proclaim the year of the favor of ADONAI and the day of vengeance of our God; to comfort all who mourn.

    See anything interesting?

    Rebbe Yeshua did not quote the entire verse! He omitted Isaiah's ending: "and the day of vengeance of our God; to comfort all who mourn...."

    Had the rabbis accepted him and had he not lead them in battle against Rome it would have been suicidal for the Jewish people. Even worse, had he lead them but not by the anointing of HaShem! Of course.... little did they know that the events of 70 CE lay in their future...  Their rejection was understandable even if misguided.

    The rabbis desperately wanted the Messiah but they failed to recognize John and Y'shua for who they were.

    Lewis: ... If there was enough proof for Paul a
    dedicated practitioner of the Torah to believe Jesus was the Christ
    shouldn’t that mean there was enough proof?...

    JoA: There wasn't enough proof for Paul. Y'shua was gone and he was arresting the Jewish followers on charge of blasphemy. It was not until his vision that Paul came to the realization. He didn't accept Y'shua on the prophecies alone. There was enough to make the argument but no enough to confirm it.

    Lewis: ...So it would seem those that deny Jesus is the Messiah deny Paul’s teachings...

    JoA: For sure. When Jews begin talking about Y'shua Paul always quickly comes up. Those that reject Y'shua generally place the blame on Paul above all else.

    We know from Romans 11 that this entire thing occurred for God's greater purposes, although that is not always easy to comprehend. As Paul says, through this path HaShem has proven that neither the Jews nor the Gentiles are worthy of His Grace and hence there is no room for boasting by ANYONE. Judaism, like any other religion, is made up on fallible humans. Most are not scholars, most are just good people trying to get along in the world. In the end, HaShem shows mercy to whom He shows mercy and withholds it from those from whom He withholds it.

    Peace, Love and Light

  • Bro John do you see it as Jesus was saying upon Peter he would build the church in the following verse, or was he saying upon the rock of revelation he would build the church? I personally believe that the church shall be built upon revelation.

    Mat 16:18 And I say also unto thee, That thou art Peter, and upon this rock I will build my church; and the gates of hell shall not prevail against it.

    Are you saying Paul knew who Christ was not by prophecy but by revelation? That would support what I stated above about the church being built upon revelation which supports it being built upon faith.

    Do the rabbis still decide based upon the majority when it comes to spiritual discernment? Since more shall be lost than saved going with the masses to me would seem the wrong way.

    I think that is the first time I ever heard any one say that the Jews were not responsible. The parable in Matt 21 Matt 26 Matt 27 Luke 22 John 19 1 Cor 2 Probably more but these were the ones I knew.  I believe the people were simply led astray by their leaders.

    Mat 27:1 When the morning was come, all the chief priests and elders of the people took counsel against Jesus to put him to death:

    I wonder how Jesus could tell us to love our enemies and to turn the other cheek and not to render evil for evil and then plan on coming back for war? Perhaps the war will simply be a spiritual battle and if that is the case will he be denied as the Messiah once again?

  • @Lewis1122 - I don't see it as either. Y'shua did not establish a new religion. He was a devout and Torah observant Jew.

    Upon the "rock" of what was said Y'shua would renew Judaism through his disciples.

    Lewis: ..Are you saying Paul knew who Christ was not
    by prophecy but by revelation? That would support what I stated above
    about the church being built upon revelation which supports it being
    built upon faith....

    More or less. Rav Paul was very learned. He knew what had happened in Jerusalem and was not convinced until he was knocked off his mount. The difference is, neither Rebbe Y'shua nor his followers established the Church. It was established by the Romans. Rebbe Y'shua established the New Covenant but it was rejected by both the rabbis and the Church that emerged later.
    Lewish:
    Do the rabbis still decide based upon the
    majority when it comes to spiritual discernment? Since more shall be
    lost than saved going with the masses to me would seem the wrong way.

    JoA: Not much new Halakha is established anymore. We rely on the Shulcan Aruch and the sages for the most part. When new decisions are made now they usually come through one of the movements and are generally only accepted by the members of that movement, although Orthodox rulings are given a lot of extra weight. These ruling are arrived at after a huge amount of study, prayer and discussion.

    Lewis:
    I think that is the first time I ever heard
    any one say that the Jews were not responsible. The parable in Matt 21
    Matt 26 Matt 27 Luke 22 John 19 1 Cor 2 Probably more but these were the
    ones I knew.  I believe the people were simply led astray by their
    leaders. 

    JoA: Really? Its usually only the anti-Semites that I hear blaming the Jews. The gospels are clear on this. At the time of Rebbe Y'shua the Jewish authorities did not have that power.

    According to Josephus (Ant. 13:5-14) in 64 BCE King Alexander Jannaeus was once
    officiating as cohen gadol during Sukkot when a group of P'rushim
    (Pharisees) attacked him with large lemon-like fruit [probably citrons given the
    timing]. The tensions had been mounting for years. King Jannaeus responded by forming a deeper alliance with the
    Tz'dukim (Sadducees) and having "thousands" of P'rushim executed. The
    P'rushim (Pharisees) sought foreign aid but in the end were executed for
    treason against the crown. From this time on their power was stripped away from them. They had no legal authority to execute. Wrongly blaming the death of Y'shua on the Jews is an ancient cause of antisemitism and Jewish persecution and death.

    Certain of the Jewish authorities went to Romans and turned him as friends of the court. The decision was that of Rome.

    The Prophets are clear on what Messiah will accomplish. They do not accept Y'shua as Messiah because these prophecies remain unfilled. Chief among these is that Messiah will rule as Melekh or King of Israel. Here are some of the key Messianic prophecies not yet fulfilled:

    <li>Isaiah 2, 11, 42; 59:20 <li>Jeremiah 23, 30, 33; 48:47; 49:39 <li>Ezekiel 38:16 <li>Hosea 3:4-3:5 <li>Micah 4 <li>Zephaniah 3:9 <li>Zechariah 14:9 <li>Daniel 10:14

    According to the biblical timeline, the world will be hurled into chaos. A European Jewish leader will arise and establish peace and safety. During this period a Roman leader (the final pope) will establish a global religious and economic power structure ("Babylon the Great") in his honor. The leader will then sign a peace treaty with Israel. During this period Messiah will call forth 144,000 Israelites (and restore the 12 houses) and a great multitude of non-Jews as resistance against the global government. Seven years after this treaty with Israel is signed Messiah will wage the Battle of Armageddon and establish a thousand year reign of peace. After this thousand years, a final war will take place (God of Magog). According to the prophets, after this the world will enter the Olam Haba. Of this period Rav Paul says that 'eye has not see and ear has not heard the things that God has prepared for those who love Him.'

    You might be interested in my recent blog about the resignation of Pope Benedict.  

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